Vitamin B12 participate three functions: maintenance of normal blood cell proliferation and DNA synthesis, structure and function of the nervous tissue maintenance, the cells participating in the use of methyl, which is a protein, nucleic acid, lipid, hormone metabolism indispensable step, also helps reduce the concentration of homocysteine in the blood companions. Latent causes lack of blood homocysteine concentration, which increases the risk of cardiovascular disease.
Typical deficiency is pernicious anemia (pernicious anemia), which is an autoimmune disease, the first to suffer stomach mucosa, resulting in atrophic gastritis, gastric acid secretion and can not help the intrinsic factor vitamin B12 absorption; long-term malabsorption leading to a lack of systemic symptoms the injured tissue and blood cell expansion and nervous system, severe enough to be fatal.
Taken place in a giant ball blood cell anemia, red blood cell volume increases, but reduce the number of white blood cells increase the number of nuclear lobes, the same symptoms and folate deficiency, folic acid supplements can hide a lot of vitamin B12 deficiency problem, but delays in proper treatment.
Anemia wearisome, lethargy, pale skin, heart rate, cardiac hypertrophy, chest pain. Gastrointestinal symptoms including inflamed tongue, loss of appetite, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. Nerve palsy symptoms include stiff limbs, burning, muscle weakness, loss of balance pace, restlessness depression, etc., if you do not treat nerve damage can not be undone. Vitamin B12 can only be synthesized by microbes, animals and stored in the body through the food chain, so animal foods can provide vitamin B12. Gut microbes in the human body may provide part of vitamin B12, the use of antibiotics to kill the bacteria in the gut, may reduce sources. Plant foods contain vitamin B12, vegans and therefore in danger of vitamin B12
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